Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.190121
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Compressões das veias renal e ilíaca comum esquerdas em tomografias computadorizadas: com que frequência são detectadas?

Compression of left renal vein and left common iliac vein on CT scans: how often are they detected?

Adenauer Marinho de Oliveira Góes Junior; Rafaela de Souza Araújo; Ismari Perini Furlaneto; Waldonio de Brito Vieira

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Resumo

Resumo: Contexto: As síndromes de nutcracker e May-Thurner são raras e, apesar de muitas vezes subdiagnosticadas, podem causar sintomas limitantes de gravidade variável. Frequentemente são consideradas diagnóstico de exclusão e não há consenso na literatura quanto a prevalência, incidência e critérios diagnósticos.

Objetivos: Estimar a frequência da compressão das veias ilíaca comum e renal esquerdas em tomografias computadorizadas de abdome e pelve.

Métodos: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo e transversal. Para veia renal esquerda, foram considerados como critérios de compressão a relação diâmetro hilar/aortomesentérico > 4 e o ângulo aortomesentérico < 39° e, para veia ilíaca comum esquerda, o diâmetro < 4 mm.

Resultados: Foram analisadas tomografias computadorizadas de 95 pacientes; destes, 61% eram mulheres e 39% eram homens. A compressão da veia renal esquerda foi encontrada em 24,2% da amostra, com idade média de 48,8 anos, ocorrendo em 27,6% das mulheres e 18,9% dos homens (p = 0,3366). A compressão da veia ilíaca comum esquerda foi detectada em 15,7% da amostra, com idade média de 45,9 anos, ocorrendo em 24,10% das mulheres e 2,7% dos homens (p = 0,0024). Em 7,4% dos pacientes, ambas compressões venosas foram detectadas.

Conclusões: A compressão da veia renal esquerda ocorreu em mulheres e homens com frequência semelhante, enquanto a compressão da veia ilíaca comum esquerda foi mais frequente em mulheres. Ambas as compressões venosas foram mais frequentemente encontradas em pacientes com idade entre 41 e 50 anos.

Palavras-chave

síndrome do quebra-nozes, síndrome de May-Thurner, tomografia computadorizada, veia ilíaca, compressão

Abstract

Background: The nutcracker and May-Thurner syndromes are rare and, although often underdiagnosed, they can cause limiting symptoms. They are frequently considered only after exclusion of other diagnoses and there is no consensus in the literature on prevalence, incidence, or diagnostic criteria.

Objectives: To estimate the frequency of compression of the left common iliac vein and left renal vein in CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis.

Methods: Descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study. The criteria used to define compression of the left renal vein were a hilar/aortomesenteric diameter ratio > 4 and aortomesenteric angle < 39° and the criterion for compression of the left common iliac vein was a diameter < 4mm.

Results: CT scans of 95 patients were analyzed; 61% were women and 39% were men. Left renal vein compression was observed in 24.2% of the sample, with a mean age of 48.8 years, occurring in 27.6% of the women and 18.9% of the men (p = 0.3366). Compression of the left common iliac vein was detected in 15.7% of the sample, with a mean age of 45.9 years, occurring in 24.1% of the women and 2.7% of the men (p = 0.0024). Both veins were compressed in 7.4% of the patients.

Conclusions: Left renal vein compression was detected in women and men at similar frequencies, whereas left common iliac vein compression was more frequent in women. Both venous compressions were most frequently found in patients aged 41 to 50 years.

Keywords

nutcracker syndrome; May-Thurner syndrome; computed tomography; iliac vein; compression

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