Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.200211
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Review Article

Arteriosclerose, aterosclerose, arteriolosclerose e esclerose calcificante da média de Monckeberg: qual a diferença?

Arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, and Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis: what is the difference?

Vanessa Prado dos Santos; Geanete Pozzan; Valter Castelli Júnior; Roberto Augusto Caffaro

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Resumo

Resumo: A principal causa de óbito na contemporaneidade são as doenças cardiovasculares. Arteriosclerose, aterosclerose, arteriolosclerose e arteriosclerose de Monckeberg são termos frequentemente utilizados como sinônimos, mas traduzem alterações distintas. O objetivo desta revisão foi discutir os conceitos de arteriosclerose, aterosclerose, arteriolosclerose e esclerose calcificante da média de Monckeberg. O termo arteriosclerose é considerado mais genérico, significando o enrijecimento e a consequente perda de elasticidade da parede arterial, abarcando os demais tipos. A aterosclerose é uma doença inflamatória secundária a lesões na camada íntima, que tem como principal complicação obstrução crônica e aguda do lúmen arterial. A arteriolosclerose se refere ao espessamento das arteríolas, particularmente relacionada à hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Já a esclerose calcificante da média de Monckeberg designa a calcificação, não obstrutiva, da lâmina elástica interna ou da túnica média de artérias musculares. As calcificações vasculares, que incluem lesões ateroscleróticas e a esclerose calcificante da média de Monckeberg, vêm sendo estudadas como um fator de risco para a morbimortalidade cardiovascular.

Palavras-chave

aterosclerose, arteriosclerose, arteriolosclerose, esclerose calcificante da média de Monckeberg, calcificação vascular

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in contemporary times. Arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, and Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis are terms that are often used interchangeably, but they refer to different vascular pathologies. The objective of this study is to review the concepts of atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis and Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis (MMCS). The term arteriosclerosis is more generic, meaning the stiffening and consequent loss of elasticity of the arterial wall, and encompasses the other terms. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease secondary to lesions in the intimal layer and whose main complication is acute and chronic obstruction of the arterial lumen. Arteriolosclerosis refers to thickening of arterioles, particularly in association with systemic arterial hypertension. MMCS refers to non-obstructive calcification in the internal elastic lamina or the tunica media of muscular arteries. Vascular calcifications, which include atherosclerotic lesions and MMCS, have been studied as a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Keywords

atherosclerosis; arteriosclerosis; arteriolosclerosis; Monckeberg medial calcificsclerosis; vascular calcification.

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Submitted date:
11/06/2020

Accepted date:
04/06/2021

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