Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492007000200006
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Proteína C reativa e instabilidade clínica na doença obstrutiva de artérias carótidas

C-reactive protein and clinical instability in carotid artery obstructive disease

Daniele de Oliveira Silva; Luciano Cabral Albuquerque; Luciane Barreneche Narvaes; Marco Antônio Goldani; Giuliano Chagas Pereira

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1677-54492007000200006 J Vasc Bras, vol.6, n2, p.124-129, 2007
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Resumo

CONTEXTO: A atividade inflamatória na aterosclerose vem sendo exaustivamente estudada; entretanto, a relevância da Proteína C Reativa como marcador de instabilidade clínica, na doença obstrutiva de artérias carótidas ainda não encontra-se bem estabelecido OBJETIVO: Identificar se os níveis séricos de proteína C reativa ultra-sensível se associam com a apresentação clínica (estável versus instável) da doença obstrutiva grave das artérias carótidas. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 70 pacientes consecutivos com indicação de endarterectomia de carótida pelos critérios dos ensaios NASCET ou ACST, com diferentes tipos de apresentação clínica: grupo 1- assintomáticos ou com sintomas hemisféricos com mais de 90 dias; grupo 2 - com sintomas hemisféricos com menos de 90 dias. Amostras de sangue de cada paciente foram obtidas por punção venosa periférica; a proteína C reativa ultra-sensível foi dosada por nefelometria e a comparação entre os grupos foi realizada através do teste de t de Student, considerando-se significativo o valor de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: o quadro clínico neurológico foi considerado estável em 28 (40%) pacientes, enquanto que 42 (60%) dos casos foram considerados instáveis. Os valores de proteína C reativa ultra-sensível foram significativamente maiores nos pacientes clinicamente instáveis, quando comparados aos casos estáveis neurologicamente (1,54±1,7 versus 0,67±0,8 mg/dL, respectivamente; p = 0,006). Não houve diferença nos níveis de proteína C reativa ultra-sensível quando comparados os percentuais de estenose angiográfica. CONCLUSÕES: A constatação de que níveis elevados de proteína C reativa ultra-sensível correlacionam-se com instabilidade da placa de carótidas, possivelmente antevendo eventos clínicos, poderá contribuir para uma redefinição dos critérios de tratamento cirúrgico da doença cerebrovascular.

Palavras-chave

Proteína C reativa, carótida, aterosclerose, inflamação

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory activity in atherosclerosis has been exhaustively studied; however, the relevance of C-reactive protein as a marker of clinical instability in carotid artery obstructive disease has not been well established yet. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein serum levels are associated with clinical presentation (stable vs. unstable) of carotid artery severe obstructive disease. METHODS: Seventy consecutive patients underwent carotid endarterectomy based on NASCET or ACST criteria, and were classified according to clinical presentation: group 1 - asymptomatic or with hemispheric symptoms for more than 90 days; group 2 - with hemispheric symptoms for less than 90 days. Blood samples were collected by peripheral vein puncture; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was dosed by nephelometry and comparison between groups was performed using Student's t test; p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Neurological clinical status was considered stable in 28 (40%) patients, whereas 42 (60%) cases were considered unstable. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in clinically unstable patients, when compared with neurologically stable cases (1.54±1.7 vs. 0.67±0.8 mg/dL, respectively; p = 0.006). There was no difference in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, when compared with percentages of angiographic stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are associated with unstable carotid plaque, possibly anticipating clinical events, could contribute to redefining indications for cerebrovascular interventions.

Keywords

C-reactive protein, carotid artery, atherosclerosis, inflammation

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