Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492007000200010
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Review Article

Eletroestimulação muscular: alternativa de tratamento coadjuvante para pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica

Muscle electrostimulation: alternative adjuvant treatment to patients with peripheral arterial obstructive disease

Ana Helena de Oliveira Medeiros; Sintya Tertuliano Chalegre; Celina Cordeiro de Carvalho

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Resumo

A doença arterial periférica faz parte de um grupo de patologias vasculares que evolui de forma lenta e progressiva. A proposta deste artigo foi avaliar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, os possíveis benefícios da eletroestimulação crônica como tratamento coadjuvante para pacientes arteriopatas. De acordo com a literatura analisada, concluímos que a eletroestimulação é capaz de provocar alterações importantes no perfil metabólico das fibras musculares, convertendo-as do tipo II para o tipo I, o que induz o crescimento capilar, a densidade capilar e o suprimento de oxigênio. Desta forma, este recurso terapêutico aumenta a capacidade aeróbica oxidativa e a resistência à fadiga dos músculos isquêmicos. Assim, a eletroestimulação é mais um recurso terapêutico capaz de melhorar a habilidade para caminhar destes pacientes, diminuindo gastos com cirurgias de revascularização e complicações maiores.

Palavras-chave

Doença arterial obstrutiva periférica, eletroestimulação, músculo esquelético

Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease is included in a group of vascular diseases whose evolution is slow and progressive. This article aimed at performing a literature review to evaluate the benefits of chronic electrostimulation as adjuvant treatment for arteriopathic patients. Based on the literature, we concluded that electrostimulation can generate important changes in the metabolic profile of muscle fibers, switching them from type II to type I, which leads to capillary increase, capillary density and suppression of oxygen. Therefore, this therapeutic resource increases aerobic oxidative capacity and ischemic muscle resistance to fatigue. Thus, electrostimulation is another therapeutic option able to improve these patients' walking ability, reducing expenses related to revascularization surgeries and major complications.

Keywords

Peripheral arterial obstructive disease, electrostimulation, skeletal muscle

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