Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492008000300009
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Prevalência de resistência bacteriana nas infecções de ferida operatória em cirurgia arterial periférica

Prevalence of bacterial resistance in surgical wound infections in peripheral arterial surgery

Eduardo Lichtenfels; Airton D. Frankini; Jonas Paludo; Pedro A. d'Azevedo

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1677-54492008000300009 J Vasc Bras, vol.7, n3, p.239-247, 2008
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Resumo

CONTEXTO: A infecção de sítio cirúrgico é uma complicação grave da cirurgia vascular periférica. O recente aparecimento de microorganismos resistentes e agressivos gera uma nova preocupação com relação ao manejo dessas infecções. OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de resistência bacteriana, a epidemiologia, os possíveis fatores associados e o padrão de resistência nas infecções de ferida operatória das cirurgias arteriais periféricas. MÉTODOS: Estudo de prevalência, envolvendo 40 pacientes portadores de infecção da ferida operatória e submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização arterial periférica no período de janeiro de 2007 a maio de 2008. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo pacientes com média de idade de 64,2 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino (70%). A prevalência geral de resistência bacteriana foi 72,5%, e de multirresistência, 60%. O microorganismo mais freqüentemente isolado foi o Staphylococcus aureus (40%), sendo 11 das 16 culturas (68,7%) resistentes à oxacilina. As taxas de resistência aos principais antimicrobianos testados foram: ampicilina, 85,7%; cefalosporina, 76,9%; oxacilina, 65%; e ciprofloxacina, 62,5%. Não foi identificada resistência à vancomicina e ao imipenem. CONCLUSÕES: Os achados deste estudo sugerem que a resistência bacteriana é um problema atual e muito prevalente nas cirurgias arteriais periféricas. O Staphylococcus aureus segue sendo o principal patógeno envolvido, demonstrando altas taxas de resistência. A vancomicina e o imipenem seguem sendo as principais opções terapêuticas para esse tipo de infecção.

Palavras-chave

Infecção de ferida operatória, resistência a medicamentos, cirurgia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Surgical wound infection is a severe complication of peripheral vascular surgery. The recent appearance of resistant and aggressive pathogens brings new concerns related to the management of these infections. OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of bacterial resistance, epidemiology, possibly associated factors and resistance patterns in wound infections of peripheral arterial surgeries. METHODS: Prevalence study of 40 patients with surgical wound infections submitted to peripheral arterial revascularization procedures between January 2007 and May 2008. RESULTS: Mean age was 64.2 years, males represented 70% of all cases. The overall prevalence of bacterial resistance was 72.5% and multiresistance 60%. The commonest single cultured microorganism was the Staphylococcus aureus (40%), and 11 of 16 cultures (68.7%) were oxacillin-resistant. Prevalence of resistance to the main tested antibiotics: ampicillin 85.7%; cephalosporin 76.9%; oxacillin 65%; and ciprofloxacin 62.5%. Resistance to vancomycin and imipenem was not identified. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that bacterial resistance is a prevalent and current problem in peripheral vascular surgeries. Staphylococcus aureus is still the most frequently involved pathogen, showing high resistance rates. Vancomycin and imipenem are still the best therapeutic options to treat these infections.

Keywords

Surgical wound infection, drug resistance, surgery

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