Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492010000100008
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Review Article

Infecções em cateteres venosos centrais de longa permanência: revisão da literatura

Infection of long-term central venous catheters: review of the literature

Milton Alves das Neves Junior; Rafael Couto Melo; Adenauer Marinho de Oliveira Goes Junior; Tatiana Rocha Protta; Catarina Coelho de Almeida; Allison Roxo Fernandes; Alexandre Petnys; Edgar Raboni

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Resumo

Cateteres venosos de longa permanência são amplamente utilizados em pacientes com necessidade de acesso venoso por período prolongado. A infecção relacionada a esses cateteres permanece um desafio na prática clínica. Revisamos a literatura acerca da epidemiologia e tratamento das infecções relacionadas a cateteres. Staphylococcus aureus é a bactéria mais comumente isolada. Os cateteres semi-implantáveis apresentam taxas de infecção maiores que os totalmente implantáveis. O tratamento pode ser feito com locks, antibioticoterapia sistêmica e até mesmo com retirada do cateter, dependendo do tipo de infecção, do microrganismo isolado e das condições clínicas do paciente. O salvamento do cateter deve ser tentado sempre que possível.

Palavras-chave

Cateteres de demora, diálise renal, quimioterapia

Abstract

Long-term venous catheters are widely used in patients with needs of venous access for prolonged periods. The infection related to these catheters remains a challenge in clinical practice. We reviewed the literature about infection epidemiology and treatment related to catheters. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common isolated bacteria. Tunneled catheters present higher infection rates than implanted ports. Treatment may consist in the use of locks, systemic antibiotics, and even catheter removal, depending on the kind of infection, the isolated microorganism, and the patient's clinical conditions. Catheter salvation should be tried whenever possible.

Keywords

Indwelling catheters, renal dialysis, drug therapy

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