Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://www.jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/jvb.2013.049
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Percutaneous treatment of femoral pseudoaneurysms: comparison of fibrin sealant against thrombin

Tratamento percutaneo do pseudoaneurisma femoral: comparacao entre selante de fibrina e trombina

Daniel Mendes Pinto; Paulo Bastianetto

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Femoral pseudoaneurysms are a complication that occurs in connection with up to 8% of percutaneous procedures. Of the available treatments, ultrasound guided thrombin injection has a high success rate and is well-tolerated by patients. The combination of thrombin and fibrinogen known as fibrin sealant forms a stable clot and can be used to treat pseudoaneurysms, particularly those with complex anatomy and larger size. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of treating femoral pseudoaneurysm in two ways: Group T was treated with thrombin alone and Group T+F was treated with fibrin sealant (thrombin+fibrinogen). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of femoral pseudoaneurysm cases treated between January 2005 and December 2012. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients were treated, 21 with thrombin alone and seven with fibrin sealant. All patients in group T were treated successfully, but only four patients in group T+F were treated successfully (57.1% success rate in Group T+F, p<0.01). The three cases of failure in group T+F needed surgery and in one of these cases the complication was embolization to the femoral bifurcation. The pseudoaneurysms that were treated with fibrin sealant were larger (25 cm3 in Group T and 57.7 cm3 in Group T+F, p=0.02) and required larger volumes of thrombin (0.5 mL in Group T and 1.0 mL in Group T+F, p<0.01). There was one complication in Group T and two complications in Group T+F (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Irrespective of the small number of cases reviewed, treatment with thrombin alone was superior to treating with fibrin sealant, since it caused few complications and was more effective at correcting pseudoaneurysms.

Keywords

thrombin, fibrin, factor XIII, pseudoaneurysm, false aneurysm, fibrinogen

Resumo

INTRODUÇÃO: O pseudoaneurisma femoral é complicação descrita em até 8% dos procedimentos percutâneos. Dentre os tratamentos, a injeção de trombina guiada por ultrassom tem alta taxa de sucesso e boa tolerância pelos pacientes. O uso da trombina associada ao fibrinogênio, chamado selante de fibrina, forma um coágulo estável que pode ser usado para o tratamento do pseudoaneurisma, principalmente aqueles de anatomia complexa e maiores. OBJETIVO: Comparar os resultados do tratamento do pseudoaneurisma femoral em dois grupos: Grupo T, tratado com trombina isoladamente, e Grupo T+F, tratado com selante de fibrina (trombina+fibrinogênio). MÉTODO: Análise retrospectiva dos casos de pseudoaneurisma femoral tratados entre janeiro/2005 e dezembro/2012. RESULTADOS: Foram tratados 28 pacientes, 21 com trombina isolada e sete com selante de fibrina. Houve sucesso no tratamento de todos os pacientes do grupo T e somente em quatro casos do grupo T+F (57,1% no Grupo T+F, p<0,01). Os três casos de insucesso no grupo T+F necessitaram cirurgia, sendo que, em um deles, a causa foi embolização para a bifurcação femoral. Os pseudoaneurismas tratados com selante de fibrina apresentaram maior tamanho (25 cm3 no Grupo T e 57,7 cm3 no Grupo T+F, p=0,02) e houve necessidade de maior volume de trombina (0,5 mL no Grupo T e 1,0 mL no Grupo T+F, p<0,01). Houve uma complicação no Grupo T e duas no Grupo T+F (p<0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do número reduzido de casos, o tratamento com trombina isolada foi superior ao selante de fibrina, levando a poucas complicações e à maior eficácia para resolução do pseudoaneurisma.

Palavras-chave

trombina, fibrina, fator XIII, falso aneurisma, fibrinogenio

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